/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════
   ECHO&DELTA Cases 전용 CSS — 운영 cases.html + QA 프로토타입 공용 (2026-08-10 승격)
   전 셀렉터 .cases-v2 스코프. 전역 토큰(tokens.css)을 전제로 그 뒤에 로드한다.
   출처: tokens.css 임시 수용분 추출 (RC hardening — .codex/plans/cases-v3-*)
   ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.cases-v2 { --cases-v2-measure: 42rem; }
.cases-v2 > main { min-width: 0; }
.cases-v2__eyebrow,
.cases-v2__section-label,
.cases-v2__meta-label,
.cases-v2__state-label {
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .7rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__masthead { padding: var(--space-7) var(--space-6) var(--space-6); }
.cases-v2__masthead-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(12, minmax(0, 1fr));
  column-gap: var(--space-4);
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  align-items: end;
}
.cases-v2__masthead h1 {
  grid-column: 1 / 7;
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 5.4vw, 4.5rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -.045em;
}
.cases-v2__intro { grid-column: 8 / 13; max-width: 34rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2__intro p + p { margin-top: var(--space-3); }
.cases-v2__scope { font-size: .88rem; }
.cases-v2__scope b { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }

/* Atlas: left rail is deliberately denser than the reading column. */
.cases-v2__atlas { border-top: var(--rule-doc) solid var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__rail { min-width: 0; background: var(--surface-muted); }
.cases-v2__filters summary {
  list-style: none;
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .72rem;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.cases-v2__filters summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.cases-v2__filters summary span { float: right; color: var(--ink-faint); letter-spacing: 0; }
.cases-v2__filters form { margin-top: var(--space-4); }
.cases-v2__field + .cases-v2__field { margin-top: var(--space-4); }
.cases-v2__field label {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
  font-size: .78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}
.cases-v2__field select {
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 44px;
  padding: var(--space-2) 28px var(--space-2) 0;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-strong);
  background: transparent;
  font-size: .9rem;
}
.cases-v2__reset,
.cases-v2__empty button {
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  padding: var(--space-2) 0;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--ink);
  background: transparent;
  font-size: .8rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.cases-v2__rail-note {
  margin-top: var(--space-6);
  padding-top: var(--space-3);
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
  font-size: .78rem;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}
.cases-v2__rail-note p { margin-top: var(--space-2); }
.cases-v2__results { min-width: 0; }
.cases-v2__results-head {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  gap: var(--space-5);
  align-items: end;
  padding-bottom: var(--space-5);
  border-bottom: var(--rule-block) solid var(--ink);
}
.cases-v2__results-head > div > p:last-child {
  max-width: var(--cases-v2-measure);
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}
.cases-v2__result-count { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: var(--space-2); white-space: nowrap; }
.cases-v2__result-count b {
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: 2rem;
  line-height: 1;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  font-feature-settings: "tnum";
}
.cases-v2__result-count span { font-size: .78rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__case-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 5rem minmax(0, 1fr) 7rem;
  column-gap: var(--space-4);
  align-items: start;
  padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
}
.cases-v2__case-id {
  padding-top: 3px; /* optical alignment with the cap-height of metadata */
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .72rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.cases-v2__case-meta { font-size: .75rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__case-copy h3 {
  max-width: 48rem;
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
}
.cases-v2__case-copy h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.cases-v2__case-copy h3 a::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; }
.cases-v2__case-copy > p:last-child {
  max-width: 48rem;
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  font-size: .9rem;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}
.cases-v2__case-row:has(h3 a) { position: relative; }
.cases-v2__case-row:has(h3 a):focus-within { outline: 2px solid var(--ink); outline-offset: 3px; }
.cases-v2__case-row:has(h3 a) h3 a:focus-visible { outline: 0; }
.cases-v2__case-status {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  padding-top: 2px; /* optical alignment with metadata */
  font-size: .72rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.cases-v2__empty { padding: var(--space-7) 0; text-align: center; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2__empty button { color: var(--ink); }

/* Independent case detail */
.cases-v2--detail > main { padding: 0 var(--space-6); }
.cases-v2__locator {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  align-items: baseline;
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .7rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__locator a { margin-right: auto; color: var(--ink); text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.cases-v2__detail-head { padding: var(--space-6) 0 var(--space-6); }
.cases-v2__detail-head h1 {
  max-width: 54rem;
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 5.2vw, 4rem);
  line-height: 1.13;
  letter-spacing: -.04em;
}
.cases-v2__detail-lead {
  max-width: var(--cases-v2-measure);
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  font-size: 1.12rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}
.cases-v2__identity {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-4);
  margin: var(--space-5) 0 0;
  padding-top: var(--space-3);
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-strong);
}
.cases-v2__identity dt {
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .66rem;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__identity dd { margin: var(--space-1) 0 0; font-size: .84rem; }
.cases-v2__headline-outcome {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 8rem auto minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-3);
  align-items: baseline;
  max-width: var(--cases-v2-measure);
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  padding-top: var(--space-3);
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
}
.cases-v2__headline-outcome > span:first-child { font-size: .72rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__headline-outcome p:last-child { font-size: .78rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2--detail article > section {
  margin-top: var(--space-8);
  scroll-margin-top: var(--space-4);
}
.cases-v2--detail article > .cases-v2__transformation { margin-top: var(--space-5); }
.cases-v2__section-head { margin-bottom: var(--space-5); }
.cases-v2__section-head h2 { margin-top: var(--space-2); font-size: 1.75rem; }
.cases-v2__section-head--split {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(20rem, auto);
  gap: var(--space-5);
  align-items: end;
}

/* Workflow: same type and geometry on both sides; actor form carries meaning. */
.cases-v2__comparison { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: var(--space-4); }
.cases-v2__state { min-width: 0; border-top: var(--rule-block) solid var(--ink); padding-top: var(--space-3); }
.cases-v2__state-label,
.cases-v2__intervention > .cases-v2__state-label { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--space-2) var(--space-3); align-items: center; }
.cases-v2__state--before { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 1; }
.cases-v2__state--after { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1; }
.cases-v2__state h3 {
  min-height: 3.5rem;
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.cases-v2__state > p:not(.cases-v2__state-label) {
  min-height: 5.4rem;
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  font-size: .88rem;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}
.cases-v2__intervention {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  grid-row: 2;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 8rem minmax(15rem, 1fr) minmax(0, 1.4fr);
  gap: var(--space-4);
  align-items: baseline;
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-strong);
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-strong);
}
.cases-v2__intervention h3 { font-size: 1rem; }
.cases-v2__intervention > p:last-child { font-size: .84rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2__flow { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin-top: var(--space-4); }
.cases-v2__flow-step {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 5.5rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  column-gap: var(--space-3);
  padding: var(--space-3) 0 var(--space-3) var(--space-4);
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
}
.cases-v2__flow-step::before,
.cases-v2__responsibility-list article::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 21px;
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  border: var(--rule-row) solid var(--ink);
}
.cases-v2__flow-step[data-actor="ai"]::before,
.cases-v2__responsibility-list article[data-actor="ai"]::before { background: var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__flow-step[data-actor="joint"]::after,
.cases-v2__responsibility-list article[data-actor="joint"]::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 5px;
  top: 21px;
  width: 0;
  height: 12px;
  border-left: var(--rule-row) solid var(--ink);
}
.cases-v2__flow-step > span {
  grid-column: 1;
  font-size: .66rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__flow-step > b { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1; font-size: .84rem; font-weight: 600; }
.cases-v2__flow-step > small { grid-column: 2; margin-top: var(--space-1); font-size: .74rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }

/* Metrics use typography, not dashboard color. */
.cases-v2__metric-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(var(--cases-v2-metric-count, 4), minmax(0, 1fr));
  border-top: var(--rule-block) solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-strong);
}
.cases-v2__metric { min-width: 0; padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-3) var(--space-4) 0; }
.cases-v2__metric + .cases-v2__metric { padding-left: var(--space-3); border-left: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
.cases-v2__metric-kind { font-size: .7rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__metric > p:nth-child(2) { margin-top: var(--space-3); line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap; }
.cases-v2__metric-value {
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: clamp(1.65rem, 3.1vw, 2.35rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.04em;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  font-feature-settings: "tnum";
}
.cases-v2__metric-unit { margin-left: var(--space-2); font-size: .72rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__metric-direction { margin-top: var(--space-3); font-weight: 600; }
.cases-v2__metric h3 { margin-top: var(--space-3); font-size: .92rem; }
.cases-v2__metric-note { margin-top: var(--space-2); font-size: .74rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2__evidence-note { max-width: var(--cases-v2-measure); margin-top: var(--space-4); font-size: .78rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }

/* Evidence: filled / diagonal / outline / crossed square, always with text. */
.cases-v2__evidence {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  font-style: normal;
  font-size: .75rem;   /* 12px 하한 (M7, 08-13) */
  letter-spacing: 0;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.cases-v2__evidence i {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  flex: 0 0 10px;
  border: var(--rule-row) solid var(--ink);
}
.cases-v2__evidence[data-evidence="confirmed"] i { background: var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__evidence[data-evidence="interpreted"] i::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: -1px;
  top: 4px;
  width: 10px;
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--ink);
  transform: rotate(-45deg);
}
.cases-v2__evidence[data-evidence="conflicted"] i::before,
.cases-v2__evidence[data-evidence="conflicted"] i::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: -1px;
  top: 4px;
  width: 10px;
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--ink);
}
.cases-v2__evidence[data-evidence="conflicted"] i::before { transform: rotate(45deg); }
.cases-v2__evidence[data-evidence="conflicted"] i::after { transform: rotate(-45deg); }

.cases-v2__responsibility-list { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); border-top: var(--rule-block) solid var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__responsibility-list article { position: relative; padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-4) var(--space-4) var(--space-5); }
.cases-v2__responsibility-list article + article { border-left: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
.cases-v2__responsibility-list article::before { left: var(--space-3); top: 31px; }
.cases-v2__responsibility-list article[data-actor="joint"]::after { left: 21px; top: 31px; }
.cases-v2__responsibility-list article > span { font-size: .68rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__responsibility-list h3 { margin-top: var(--space-2); font-size: 1rem; }
.cases-v2__responsibility-list p { margin-top: var(--space-2); font-size: .82rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }

.cases-v2__legend { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--space-3); justify-content: flex-end; }
.cases-v2__layer-map { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(8, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.cases-v2__layer-map button {
  position: relative;
  min-width: 0;
  min-height: 112px;
  padding: var(--space-3);
  border: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
  border-right: 0;
  background: transparent;
  text-align: left;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.cases-v2__layer-map button:last-child { border-right: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
.cases-v2__layer-map button::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: var(--space-3);
  top: var(--space-3);
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  border: var(--rule-row) solid var(--ink);
}
.cases-v2__layer-map button[data-evidence="confirmed"]::after { background: var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__layer-map button[data-evidence="interpreted"]::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  right: 15px;
  top: 20px;
  width: 10px;
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--ink);
  transform: rotate(-45deg);
}
.cases-v2__layer-map button > span { display: block; font-family: var(--f-mono); font-size: .68rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__layer-map button > b { display: block; margin-top: var(--space-2); font-size: .82rem; }
.cases-v2__layer-map button > small { display: block; margin-top: var(--space-3); font-size: .64rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__layer-list { margin-top: var(--space-5); border-top: var(--rule-block) solid var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__layer-list article { border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
.cases-v2__layer-list article > button {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 3rem 7rem 8rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-3);
  align-items: baseline;
  width: 100%;
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  text-align: left;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.cases-v2__layer-list article > button > span { font-family: var(--f-mono); font-size: .72rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__layer-list article > button > b { font-size: .92rem; }
.cases-v2__layer-list article > button > small { font-size: .82rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2__layer-list article > div { padding: 0 0 var(--space-4) 18rem; }
.cases-v2__layer-list article > div p { max-width: var(--cases-v2-measure); font-size: .84rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }

.cases-v2__sources ol,
.cases-v2__questions ol { max-width: var(--cases-v2-measure); padding: 0; list-style: none; border-top: var(--rule-block) solid var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__sources li,
.cases-v2__questions li { padding: var(--space-3) 0; border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
.cases-v2__sources li { font-size: .76rem; }
.cases-v2__sources li a { font-size: .76rem; font-weight: 600; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.cases-v2__sources li p { margin-top: var(--space-2); font-size: .76rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2__questions { padding-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.cases-v2__questions li { padding-left: var(--space-5); text-indent: calc(var(--space-5) * -1); }
.cases-v2__questions li::before { content: counter(list-item, decimal-leading-zero) "."; display: inline-block; width: var(--space-5); font-family: var(--f-mono); font-size: .72rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__partial { padding-top: var(--space-6); border-top: var(--rule-doc) solid var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__partial-note { max-width: var(--cases-v2-measure); margin-bottom: var(--space-5); color: var(--ink-muted); }

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .cases-v2__masthead { padding: var(--space-6) var(--space-5); }
  .cases-v2__masthead-grid { display: block; }
  .cases-v2__masthead h1 { font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 9vw, 4rem); }
  .cases-v2__intro { margin-top: var(--space-5); }
  .cases-v2__atlas { display: block; }
  .cases-v2__rail { padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-5); border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-strong); }
  .cases-v2__filters form { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: var(--space-4); }
  .cases-v2__field + .cases-v2__field { margin-top: 0; }
  .cases-v2__reset { justify-self: start; margin-top: 0; }
  .cases-v2__rail-note { display: none; }
  .cases-v2__results { padding: var(--space-5); }
  .cases-v2--detail > main { padding: 0 var(--space-5); }
  .cases-v2__identity { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); row-gap: var(--space-3); }
  .cases-v2__comparison { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .cases-v2__state--before { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 1; }
  .cases-v2__intervention { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 2; grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-2); }
  .cases-v2__state--after { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 3; }
  .cases-v2__state h3,
  .cases-v2__state > p:not(.cases-v2__state-label) { min-height: 0; }
  .cases-v2__metric-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .cases-v2__metric:nth-child(3) { border-left: 0; border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
  .cases-v2__metric:nth-child(4) { border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
  .cases-v2__responsibility-list { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .cases-v2__responsibility-list article + article { border-left: 0; border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
  .cases-v2__section-head--split { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .cases-v2__legend { justify-content: flex-start; }
  .cases-v2__layer-map { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .cases-v2__layer-map button:nth-child(4) { border-right: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
  .cases-v2__layer-map button:nth-child(n + 5) { border-top: 0; }
  .cases-v2__layer-list article > button { grid-template-columns: 2.5rem 6rem 8rem minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .cases-v2__layer-list article > div { padding-left: 19rem; }
}

@media (min-width: 901px) {
  .cases-v2__atlas { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 3fr 9fr; }
  .cases-v2__rail {
    align-self: start;
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    min-height: 100dvh;   /* 뷰포트 고정 패널은 dvh (M2, 08-13) */
    padding: var(--space-5);
    border-right: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-strong);
  }
  .cases-v2__filters summary { display: none; }
  .cases-v2__results { padding: var(--space-6); }
}

@media (min-width: 1120px) {
  .cases-v2__atlas { grid-template-columns: 2fr 10fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .cases-v2__masthead { padding: var(--space-5) 20px var(--space-6); }
  .cases-v2__masthead h1 { font-size: 2.65rem; }
  .cases-v2__rail,
  .cases-v2__results { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; }
  .cases-v2__filters form { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .cases-v2__case-row { grid-template-columns: 3.5rem minmax(0, 1fr); column-gap: var(--space-3); }
  .cases-v2__case-status { grid-column: 2; justify-content: flex-start; margin-top: var(--space-2); }
  .cases-v2__results-head { gap: var(--space-3); }
  .cases-v2__result-count b { font-size: 1.5rem; }
  .cases-v2--detail > main { padding: 0 20px; }
  .cases-v2__locator { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--space-2) var(--space-3); }
  .cases-v2__locator a { width: 100%; }
  .cases-v2__detail-head { padding-top: var(--space-5); }
  .cases-v2__detail-head h1 { font-size: 2.5rem; }
  .cases-v2__detail-lead { font-size: 1rem; }
  .cases-v2__identity { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .cases-v2__headline-outcome { grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; }
  .cases-v2__headline-outcome p:last-child { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
  .cases-v2--detail article > section { margin-top: var(--space-7); }
  .cases-v2--detail article > .cases-v2__transformation { margin-top: var(--space-5); }
  .cases-v2__flow-step { grid-template-columns: 4.5rem minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .cases-v2__metric-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .cases-v2__metric + .cases-v2__metric { padding-left: 0; border-left: 0; border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
  .cases-v2__layer-map { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .cases-v2__layer-map button:nth-child(2n) { border-right: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
  .cases-v2__layer-map button:nth-child(n + 3) { border-top: 0; }
  .cases-v2__layer-list article > button { grid-template-columns: 2.5rem minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .cases-v2__layer-list article > button > em { grid-column: 2; }
  .cases-v2__layer-list article > button > small { grid-column: 2; }
  .cases-v2__layer-list article > div { padding-left: 4rem; }
}

/* ─────────────────────────────────────────────
   Cases v3 three-panel prototype
   Scope: .cases-v2--triptych only. Production .explorer is unchanged.
   ───────────────────────────────────────────── */
.cases-v2--triptych {
  --cases-v3-measure: 42rem;
  --cases-v3-label: 8rem;
}
.cases-v2__triptych-mast {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(12, minmax(0, 1fr));
  column-gap: var(--space-4);
  align-items: end;
  padding: var(--space-7) var(--frame-gutter) var(--space-6);
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
}
.cases-v2__triptych-mast > div { grid-column: 1 / 8; }
.cases-v2__triptych-mast > p { grid-column: 8 / 13; max-width: 34rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2__triptych-mast h1 {
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  max-width: 11em;
  font-size: 64px;
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -.045em;
}
.cases-v2__compact-locator,
.cases-v2__mobile-locator { display: none; }
.cases-v2__triptych {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 190px 300px minmax(0, 1fr);
  border-top: var(--rule-doc) solid var(--ink);
  align-items: start;
}
.cases-v2__triptych-pane { min-width: 0; padding: 22px 0 var(--space-7); }
.cases-v2__triptych-pane + .cases-v2__triptych-pane { border-left: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
.cases-v2__triptych-pane ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.cases-v2__triptych-pane button { border: 0; background: none; color: inherit; text-align: left; cursor: pointer; }
.cases-v2__triptych-pane-head {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  align-items: baseline;
  padding: 0 24px var(--space-3);
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .75rem;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__triptych-pane-head p { margin: 0; white-space: pre-line; }
.cases-v2__triptych-pane-head span { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.cases-v2__triptych-industry button {
  display: flex;
  width: 100%;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  padding: 10px 24px 10px 22px; /* 2px selection border + 22px = common 24px text axis */
  border-left: 2px solid transparent;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__triptych-industry button[aria-current] {
  border-left-color: var(--ink);
  color: var(--ink);
}
.cases-v2__industry-name { font-weight: 600; }
.cases-v2__industry-count {
  margin-left: auto;
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .72rem;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.cases-v2__industry-thesis {
  padding: 0 24px var(--space-4);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  font-size: .82rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
}
.cases-v2__triptych-cases li { border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
.cases-v2__triptych-cases li:last-child { border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft); }
.cases-v2__triptych-cases button {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 13px 24px 13px 22px; /* selection border is part of the 24px inset */
  border-left: 2px solid transparent;
}
.cases-v2__triptych-cases button[aria-current] { border-left-color: var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__case-key {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .75rem;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__case-title {
  display: -webkit-box;
  overflow: hidden;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  min-height: 3em;
  margin-top: var(--space-1);
  font-size: .96rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__triptych-cases button[aria-current] .cases-v2__case-title,
.cases-v2__triptych-cases button[data-detail-ready="true"] .cases-v2__case-title { color: var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__triptych-cases .cases-v2__case-meta {
  display: block;
  margin-top: var(--space-1);
  font-size: .68rem;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__triptych-cases button[data-detail-ready="true"] .cases-v2__case-meta { color: var(--ink-muted); }
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
  .cases-v2__triptych-industry button:hover,
  .cases-v2__triptych-cases button:hover .cases-v2__case-title { color: var(--ink); }
}
.cases-v2__triptych-detail { padding: 22px 24px var(--space-8); }
.cases-v2__v3-article,
.cases-v2__v3-pending { width: 100%; max-width: none; min-width: 0; }
.cases-v2__triptych-pane-label {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin: 0;
  white-space: pre-line;
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .75rem;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__v3-key {
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .72rem;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__v3-head h1,
.cases-v2__v3-pending h1 {
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  max-width: 14em;
  font-size: 44px;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -.035em;
}
.cases-v2__v3-lead {
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  max-width: 36em;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}
.cases-v2__v3-identity {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-4);
  margin: var(--space-5) 0 0;
  padding-top: var(--space-3);
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
}
.cases-v2__v3-identity dt {
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .75rem;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__v3-identity dd { margin: var(--space-1) 0 0; font-size: .78rem; }
.cases-v2__v3-section { margin-top: var(--space-7); }
.cases-v2__v3-section-head {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
  padding-top: var(--space-3);
  border-top: var(--rule-doc) solid var(--ink);
}
.cases-v2__v3-section-head > p {
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .75rem;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__v3-section-head h2 {
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  max-width: 25em;
  font-size: 1.55rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
}
.cases-v2__claim-block + .cases-v2__claim-block { margin-top: var(--space-6); }
/* Approved spacious desktop rhythm; narrow layouts retain their existing spacing. */
@media (min-width: 901px) {
  html .cases-v2__triptych-mast { padding-top: 112px; padding-bottom: 64px; }
  html .cases-v2__v3-section { margin-top: 96px; }
  html .cases-v2__v3-section-head { margin-bottom: 40px; }
  html .cases-v2__claim-block + .cases-v2__claim-block { margin-top: 48px; }
}
.cases-v2__claim-block h3 { margin-bottom: var(--space-2); font-size: 1rem; }
.cases-v2__claim-block > p { max-width: var(--cases-v3-measure); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.75; }
.cases-v2__claim-block > p + p { margin-top: var(--space-4); }
.cases-v2__claim-block--emphasis {
  padding: var(--space-5) 0;
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
}
.cases-v2__claim-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
}
.cases-v2__source-refs { display: inline-flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: var(--space-2); }
.cases-v2__source-refs a {
  font-size: .75rem;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}
.cases-v2__lever-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
  margin: var(--space-4) 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}
.cases-v2__lever-list li {
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-strong);
  font-size: .82rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.cases-v2__workflow-intro { max-width: 36em; color: var(--ink-muted); line-height: 1.75; }
.cases-v2__workflow-list {
  margin: var(--space-5) 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
}
.cases-v2__workflow-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2.5rem 7rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-3);
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
}
.cases-v2__workflow-no {
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .75rem;   /* 12px 하한 (M7) */
  color: var(--ink-faint);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.cases-v2__actor {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  font-size: .75rem;   /* 12px 하한 (M7) */
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}
.cases-v2__actor::before {
  content: "";
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  flex: 0 0 9px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink-muted);
}
.cases-v2__actor[data-actor="ai"]::before { background: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__actor[data-actor="joint"]::before { border: 3px solid var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__actor[data-actor="unknown"]::before { border-style: dashed; }
.cases-v2__workflow-copy h3 { font-size: 17px; }
.cases-v2__workflow-copy > p { margin-top: var(--space-1); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.75; color: var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__workflow-copy .cases-v2__claim-meta { margin-top: var(--space-2); }
.cases-v2__v3-layers { border-top: var(--rule-doc) solid var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__v3-layer {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: var(--cases-v3-label) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-4);
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
}
.cases-v2__v3-layer-label { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2.5rem 1fr; align-items: baseline; gap: var(--space-2); }
.cases-v2__v3-layer-label span { font-family: var(--f-mono); font-size: .75rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }   /* 12px 하한 (M7, 08-13) */
.cases-v2__v3-layer-label h3 { font-size: .9rem; }
.cases-v2__v3-layer-summary { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 600; }
.cases-v2__v3-layer-detail { margin-top: var(--space-1); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.75; color: var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__v3-layer .cases-v2__claim-meta { margin-top: var(--space-2); }
.cases-v2__v3-outcomes { border-top: var(--rule-doc) solid var(--ink); }
.cases-v2__v3-outcome {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 6.5rem 9rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-4);
  padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
}
.cases-v2__v3-outcome-kind {
  font-family: var(--f-mono);
  font-size: .75rem;   /* 12px 하한 (M7) */
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.cases-v2__v3-outcome-value { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.cases-v2__v3-outcome-value strong { font-size: 1.55rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -.03em; }
.cases-v2__v3-outcome-value span:not(.cases-v2__v3-outcome-direction) { margin-left: var(--space-2); font-size: .75rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }   /* 12px 하한 (M7) */
.cases-v2__v3-outcome-direction { font-size: .82rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2__v3-outcome-copy h3 { font-size: .92rem; }
.cases-v2__v3-outcome-copy > p { margin-top: var(--space-1); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2__v3-outcome-copy .cases-v2__claim-meta { margin-top: var(--space-2); }
.cases-v2__v3-outcomes + .cases-v2__claim-block { margin-top: var(--space-6); }
/* Detail rules reach the desktop panel edge; text keeps its existing inset. */
@media (min-width: 901px) {
  .cases-v2__triptych-detail :is(
    .cases-v2__v3-identity,
    .cases-v2__v3-section-head,
    .cases-v2__claim-block--emphasis,
    .cases-v2__workflow-list,
    .cases-v2__workflow-row,
    .cases-v2__v3-layers,
    .cases-v2__v3-layer,
    .cases-v2__v3-outcomes,
    .cases-v2__v3-outcome,
    .cases-v2__pending-note
  ) { margin-right: -24px; padding-right: 24px; }
}
.cases-v2__v3-pending { min-height: 30rem; }
.cases-v2__pending-note {
  margin-top: var(--space-6);
  padding-top: var(--space-4);
  border-top: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
  max-width: 34em;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}
.cases-v2__pending-meta { margin-top: var(--space-4); font-family: var(--f-mono); font-size: .72rem; color: var(--ink-faint); }
.cases-v2__loading { padding: var(--space-4) 24px; color: var(--ink-muted); }
.cases-v2__retry {
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  min-height: 44px;
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
  border: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-strong);
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--ink);
  cursor: pointer;
}

@media (min-width: 1120px) {
  .cases-v2__triptych-industry,
  .cases-v2__triptych-cases {
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    align-self: start;
    max-height: 100dvh;   /* 뷰포트 고정 패널은 dvh (M2) */
    overflow-y: auto;
    overscroll-behavior: contain;
    scrollbar-gutter: stable;
  }
}

@media (min-width: 901px) and (max-width: 1119px) {
  .cases-v2__triptych-mast { padding-left: var(--frame-gutter); padding-right: var(--frame-gutter); }
  .cases-v2__triptych-mast > div { grid-column: 1 / 8; }
  .cases-v2__triptych-mast > p { grid-column: 8 / 13; }
  .cases-v2__compact-locator {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 6rem minmax(12rem, 18rem) minmax(0, 1fr);
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-5);
    border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 3;
    background: var(--surface);
  }
  .cases-v2__compact-locator label { font-family: var(--f-mono); font-size: .66rem; letter-spacing: .1em; color: var(--ink-faint); }
  .cases-v2__compact-locator select { min-width: 0; padding: var(--space-2); border: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-strong); background: var(--surface); color: var(--ink); }
  .cases-v2__compact-locator span { justify-self: end; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; font-size: .78rem; color: var(--ink-muted); }
  .cases-v2__triptych { grid-template-columns: 300px minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .cases-v2__triptych-industry { display: none; }
  .cases-v2__triptych-cases { grid-column: 1; }
  .cases-v2__triptych-cases {
    position: sticky;
    top: 3.5rem;
    align-self: start;
    max-height: calc(100dvh - 3.5rem);   /* 뷰포트 고정 패널은 dvh (M2) */
    overflow-y: auto;
    overscroll-behavior: contain;
    scrollbar-gutter: stable;
  }
  .cases-v2__triptych-detail { grid-column: 2; }
  .cases-v2__v3-identity { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .cases-v2__triptych-mast { display: block; padding: var(--space-6) var(--frame-gutter) var(--space-5); }
  .cases-v2__triptych-mast h1 { font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 9vw, 4rem); }
  .cases-v2__triptych-mast > p { margin-top: var(--space-5); max-width: 34rem; }
  .cases-v2__mobile-locator {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: var(--space-2);
    padding: var(--space-3) var(--frame-gutter);
    border-top: var(--rule-doc) solid var(--ink);
    border-bottom: var(--rule-row) solid var(--rule-soft);
    font-size: .78rem;
    color: var(--ink-faint);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 3;
    background: var(--surface);
  }
  .cases-v2__mobile-locator button {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 44px;
    border: 0;
    background: none;
    padding: 0 var(--space-1);
    color: var(--ink-muted);
    cursor: pointer;
  }
  .cases-v2__mobile-locator button[aria-current] { color: var(--ink); }
  .cases-v2__triptych { display: block; border-top: 0; }
  .cases-v2__triptych-pane { display: none; border-left: 0 !important; }
  .cases-v2--triptych[data-cases-mobile-step="industry"] [data-cases-pane="industry"],
  .cases-v2--triptych[data-cases-mobile-step="case"] [data-cases-pane="case"],
  .cases-v2--triptych[data-cases-mobile-step="detail"] [data-cases-pane="detail"] { display: block; }
  .cases-v2__triptych-detail { padding: 22px var(--frame-gutter) var(--space-7); }
  .cases-v2__v3-identity { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .cases-v2__triptych-mast { padding-left: var(--frame-gutter); padding-right: var(--frame-gutter); }
  .cases-v2__mobile-locator { padding-left: var(--frame-gutter); padding-right: var(--frame-gutter); }
  .cases-v2__triptych-detail { padding-left: var(--frame-gutter); padding-right: var(--frame-gutter); }
  .cases-v2__v3-head h1,
  .cases-v2__v3-pending h1 { font-size: 2.35rem; }
  .cases-v2__v3-identity { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-3); }
  .cases-v2__v3-section { margin-top: var(--space-7); }
  .cases-v2__workflow-row { grid-template-columns: 2rem minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .cases-v2__workflow-row > .cases-v2__actor { grid-column: 2; }
  .cases-v2__workflow-copy { grid-column: 2; }
  .cases-v2__v3-layer { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-2); }
  .cases-v2__v3-layer-label { grid-template-columns: 2rem 1fr; }
  .cases-v2__v3-outcome { grid-template-columns: 6rem minmax(0, 1fr); gap: var(--space-3); }
  .cases-v2__v3-outcome-copy { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
}